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Injustice Against Animals for Human Benefit:.While mules can live a long healthy life, they are infertile which means that they cannot have offspring of their own.As per the American Mule Museum, these hybrid animals are the result of intentional breeding by humans, which they first undertook in the ancient times.Mules are another example of a hybrid animal that are the result of mating between a female horse and a male donkey.Generally, different species don’t cross-breed and if they do, their offspring don’t survive for long and are prone to infertility.Geep was a hybrid between a goat and a sheep, a result of the two mating. In 2014, a rare hybrid animal called Geep (Goat+Sheep) was born in an Irish farm.Some rare hybrid animals exist naturally and were probably the result of unintentional cross breeding between animals of different species.As the experiment failed due to evolutionary distance between pigs and humans (about 90 million years) the researchers decided to pick a species that was more closely related to humans, hence macaque monkeys were chosen.In a 2017 study, researchers integrated human cells into pig tissues as they thought that pigs, whose organ size, physiology and anatomy are similar to that of humans, could help them in creating organs that could ultimately be transplanted to humans.It can help in studying the course of disease progression using the engineered cells in a chimeric model, which may be able to tell them more about the disease than results obtained from an animal model.For instance, a particular gene that is associated with a certain type of cancer could be engineered in a human cell. Chimeric tools provide a new platform to study how certain diseases arise.Provides New Platform to Study Diseases:.It could also help in drug evaluation and address the critical need for organ transplantation.
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Ability to grow cells of two different species together offers scientists a powerful tool for research and medicine, advancing current understanding about early human development, disease onset and progression and ageing.Understanding Human Development & Drug Evaluation:.For instance, if this hybrid embryo was placed in the womb of a monkey, it could possibly grow into a new kind of an animal (however this was not the aim of this study).Chimeras are organisms that are made up of the cells of two distinct species, in this case humans and monkeys.By integrating human cells into the embryos of macaque monkeys, a chimeric tool has been created.Recently, researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in the US in a research called Chimera Research have for the first time grown human cells in monkey embryos.